@font-face{font-family:Newsreader;font-style:normal;font-weight:200 800;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/150f724d70372c02-s.2ym9msm88vm4r.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader;font-style:normal;font-weight:200 800;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/750c737482d9de2f-s.08jxdyhjmo52g.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader;font-style:normal;font-weight:200 800;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/5f402bd2d8eef81a-s.p.23oeb0afa3wba.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader Fallback;src:local(Times New Roman);ascent-override:69.68%;descent-override:25.12%;line-gap-override:0.0%;size-adjust:105.48%}.newsreader_17144a12-module__SfOKXG__className{font-family:Newsreader,Newsreader Fallback;font-style:normal}.newsreader_17144a12-module__SfOKXG__variable{--font-newsreader:"Newsreader", "Newsreader Fallback"}
@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/da8a9dd0d68e512b-s.3rfuf-6ylygrx.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/94b4a5dc1fe84361-s.2231v6bqe0i5w.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/ff5be760267bb4bc-s.2dg0qc-aib-d-.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+1F??}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/99596c30eb072d3c-s.1x46l97iocqk9.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+370-377,U+37A-37F,U+384-38A,U+38C,U+38E-3A1,U+3A3-3FF}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/e5864b32625b6bc3-s.44r2-kro6c87n.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/e285ad1a914469f0-s.3ohuq16_8-qtv.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(../media/47df9ba1c7236d3b-s.p.0dnkekw3juhe5.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3 Fallback";src:local(Arial);ascent-override:109.21%;descent-override:42.66%;line-gap-override:0.0%;size-adjust:93.76%}.source_sans_3_6d9b97ae-module__2Bq9gW__className{font-family:"Source Sans 3","Source Sans 3 Fallback";font-style:normal}.source_sans_3_6d9b97ae-module__2Bq9gW__variable{--font-source-sans-3:"Source Sans 3", "Source Sans 3 Fallback"}
:root{--lightningcss-light:initial;--lightningcss-dark: ;color-scheme:light;--colour-paper:#f7f4ed;--colour-ink:#171816;--colour-soft-ink:#545650;--colour-rule:#c9c5bb;--colour-deep-navy:#183247;--colour-oxblood:#8a2f35;--colour-pale-stone:#ece8de;--colour-focus-blue:#075fcc;--font-display:var(--font-newsreader), Georgia, serif;--font-interface:var(--font-source-sans-3), Arial, sans-serif}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{overflow-wrap:break-word;scroll-behavior:smooth;min-width:320px}body{background:var(--colour-paper);color:var(--colour-ink);font-family:var(--font-interface);text-rendering:optimizelegibility;margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.55}body,button,input,textarea{-webkit-hyphens:none;hyphens:none}img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:.18em;text-decoration-thickness:1px}a:hover{color:var(--colour-oxblood)}p,h1,h2,h3,h4,figure{margin-top:0}.site-container{width:calc(100% - 40px);max-width:1240px;margin-inline:auto}.skip-link{background:var(--colour-focus-blue);color:#fff;z-index:20;min-height:44px;padding:10px 16px;display:inline-flex;position:fixed;top:12px;left:12px;transform:translateY(-180%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.utility-strip{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule);color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-size:.8125rem}.utility-inner{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;min-height:44px;display:flex}.utility-inner nav,.footer-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 20px;display:flex}.utility-inner a,.primary-navigation a,.footer-links a{min-height:44px;align-items:center;min-inline-size:44px;padding-inline:6px;display:inline-flex}.masthead{text-align:center;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding-block:24px 20px;display:flex}.publication-mark{align-items:center;gap:14px;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.publication-mark img{width:62px;height:62px}.publication-mark span{color:var(--colour-deep-navy);font-family:var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.045em;font-size:clamp(2.35rem,5vw,4.4rem);font-weight:650;line-height:.9}.primary-navigation{border-bottom:3px double var(--colour-deep-navy);border-top:3px solid var(--colour-deep-navy)}.primary-navigation-inner{flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;display:flex}.primary-navigation a{font-size:.9375rem;font-weight:650;text-decoration:none}.homepage{padding-block:24px 72px}.front-page-heading{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule);justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:24px;padding-bottom:9px;display:flex}.front-page-heading p{margin-bottom:0}.front-page-heading>p:last-child{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-size:.8125rem}.lead-package{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2fr) minmax(280px,1fr);gap:32px;padding-bottom:40px;display:grid}.article-card{min-width:0}.article-figure{margin-bottom:18px}.article-image{aspect-ratio:3/2;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.article-kicker,.section-eyebrow{color:var(--colour-oxblood);letter-spacing:.085em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:9px;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:750}.article-kicker span{color:var(--colour-rule);margin-inline:6px}.article-title,.article-list-title,.section-heading h2,.briefing-panel h2,.topic-section>h3{font-family:var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.025em;font-weight:620}.article-title{margin-bottom:12px;font-size:clamp(1.55rem,3vw,2.25rem);line-height:1.06}.article-title a,.article-list-title a{min-height:44px;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}.article-card-lead .article-title{max-width:14ch;font-size:clamp(2.35rem,5.1vw,4.8rem);line-height:.97}.article-standfirst,.article-list article>p:not(.article-kicker){color:var(--colour-soft-ink);margin-bottom:13px}.article-card-lead .article-standfirst{color:var(--colour-ink);font-family:var(--font-display);max-width:680px;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.35}.article-date,.article-card-meta{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;font-size:.75rem}.article-card-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:0 18px;display:flex}.article-card-meta a{color:var(--colour-ink);align-items:center;min-height:44px;font-weight:650;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.article-card-meta time{white-space:nowrap}.section-heading{border-top:3px solid var(--colour-deep-navy);justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:24px;margin-bottom:22px;padding-top:11px;display:flex}.section-heading h2{color:var(--colour-deep-navy);margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(1.85rem,3vw,2.7rem);line-height:1}.section-heading .section-eyebrow{margin-bottom:5px}.section-description{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);max-width:34ch;margin-bottom:1px;font-size:.875rem}.supporting-package .section-heading{border-top-width:1px}.supporting-grid{gap:28px;display:grid}.supporting-grid .article-card+.article-card{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-top:26px}.supporting-grid .article-title{font-size:1.7rem}.latest-analysis-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.65fr) minmax(320px,.85fr);gap:48px;padding-block:48px;display:grid}.article-list{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.article-list li{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-block:20px 23px}.article-list li:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule)}.article-list-title{margin-bottom:8px;font-size:clamp(1.55rem,2.6vw,2.15rem);line-height:1.07}.article-list article{max-width:700px}.analysis-panel{background:var(--colour-pale-stone);border-top:5px solid var(--colour-oxblood);padding:20px 24px 26px}.analysis-panel .section-heading{border-top:0;padding-top:0;display:block}.analysis-panel .section-heading h2{color:var(--colour-oxblood)}.analysis-panel .section-description{margin-top:10px}.analysis-grid{gap:24px;display:grid}.article-card-analysis+.article-card-analysis{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-top:23px}.article-card-analysis .article-title{font-size:1.75rem}.topics-block{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-bottom:48px}.topic-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:40px;display:grid}.topic-section{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(130px,.42fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px;padding-top:14px;display:grid}.topic-section>h3{color:var(--colour-oxblood);font-size:1.45rem;line-height:1.05}.article-card-topic .article-title{font-size:1.65rem}.briefing-panel{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-deep-navy);border-top:5px solid var(--colour-deep-navy);grid-template-columns:1.15fr .85fr;align-items:center;gap:48px;margin-top:48px;padding-block:28px 32px;display:grid}.briefing-panel h2{max-width:17ch;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.6rem);line-height:.98}.briefing-panel>div:last-child p{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);max-width:54ch}.briefing-link{border:1px solid var(--colour-deep-navy);color:var(--colour-deep-navy);align-items:center;min-height:44px;padding:8px 14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.briefing-link:hover{background:var(--colour-deep-navy);color:var(--colour-paper)}.site-footer{background:var(--colour-deep-navy);color:var(--colour-paper);padding-block:40px 24px}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:36px;display:grid}.footer-name{font-family:var(--font-display);margin-bottom:10px;font-size:2rem;font-weight:650;line-height:1}.footer-statement{color:#dadde0;max-width:58ch}.footer-links{place-content:start end}.site-footer a{color:#dadde0}.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer a:focus-visible{color:#fff}.footer-lower{color:#dadde0;border-top:1px solid #526878;justify-content:space-between;margin-top:28px;padding-top:18px;font-size:.75rem;display:flex}.footer-lower p{margin-bottom:0}.article-page,.collection-page,.author-page,.policy-page{padding-block:48px 72px}.article-record,.collection-page,.author-page,.policy-page{min-width:0}.article-header,.article-hero,.article-reading-column{margin-inline:auto}.article-header,.article-hero{max-width:960px}.article-reading-column{max-width:680px}.article-header{border-top:5px solid var(--colour-deep-navy);padding-top:18px}.article-label{color:var(--colour-oxblood);letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:12px;font-size:.8125rem;font-weight:750}.article-header h1,.collection-header h1,.author-card h1,.policy-page h1,.article-reading-column h2,.collection-results h2,.author-card h2,.policy-page h2{font-family:var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.025em;font-weight:620}.article-header h1{margin-bottom:20px;font-size:clamp(2.55rem,6.5vw,5.2rem);line-height:.98}.article-page-standfirst{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-family:var(--font-display);margin-bottom:24px;font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2.8vw,1.55rem);line-height:1.38}.article-byline{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);color:var(--colour-soft-ink);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;padding-block:10px 12px;font-size:.875rem;display:flex}.article-byline p{align-items:center;min-height:44px;margin-bottom:0;padding-right:18px;display:inline-flex}.article-byline p+p{border-left:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-left:18px}.article-byline a,.article-body a,.source-list a,.article-topics a,.author-card a,.policy-page a{text-decoration-line:underline}.article-hero{margin-bottom:34px}.article-hero img{aspect-ratio:3/2;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.article-hero figcaption{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule);color:var(--colour-soft-ink);padding-block:8px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.4}.article-reading-column{font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.68}.article-body>p,.article-body blockquote,.article-body>h2{margin-bottom:1.35em}.article-body h2,.article-reading-column>section>h2,.article-topics h2,.related-coverage>h2,.comments-mount>h2{color:var(--colour-deep-navy);font-size:2rem;line-height:1.08}.article-body blockquote{border-left:4px solid var(--colour-oxblood);font-family:var(--font-display);margin-inline:0;padding-left:22px}.article-body blockquote p{margin-bottom:8px;font-size:1.35rem}.article-body cite{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-family:var(--font-interface);font-size:.875rem;font-style:normal}.source-section,.article-topics,.author-card,.related-coverage,.comments-mount{border-top:3px solid var(--colour-deep-navy);margin-top:44px;padding-top:18px}.source-section>p{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-size:.9375rem}.source-list{margin-bottom:0;padding-left:24px;font-size:1rem}.source-list li+li{margin-top:10px}.source-list a,.article-topics a,.contact-page a,.article-byline a,.author-card a,.policy-page a{align-items:center;min-height:44px;padding-block:7px;display:inline-flex}.article-topics ul{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px 22px;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.article-topics a{font-size:1rem}.author-card{grid-template-columns:168px minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;gap:28px;display:grid}.author-portrait{min-width:0;margin-bottom:0}.author-portrait img{aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:168px}.author-card h1,.author-card h2{color:var(--colour-deep-navy);margin-bottom:8px;font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3rem);line-height:1}.author-role{color:var(--colour-oxblood);margin-bottom:12px;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700}.author-card-copy>p:not(.section-eyebrow,.author-role){font-size:1rem;line-height:1.55}.related-coverage .article-list-title{font-size:1.65rem}.comments-mount{min-height:180px}.comments-mount>p{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-size:1rem}.comment-form{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);margin-top:30px;padding-top:24px;font-size:1rem;position:relative}.comment-form>p:first-child,.comment-field>p{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-size:.875rem}.comment-field{margin-top:18px}.comment-field label{margin-bottom:5px;font-weight:700;display:block}.comment-field input,.comment-field textarea{border:1px solid var(--colour-soft-ink);color:var(--colour-ink);font:inherit;background:#fff;border-radius:0;width:100%;max-width:100%;padding:10px 12px}.comment-field textarea{resize:vertical;min-height:180px}.comment-field>p{margin:5px 0 0}.comment-form button{background:var(--colour-deep-navy);border:1px solid var(--colour-deep-navy);color:#fff;cursor:pointer;font:inherit;min-height:44px;margin-top:20px;padding:9px 16px;font-weight:700}.comment-form button:disabled,.comment-field input:disabled,.comment-field textarea:disabled{cursor:not-allowed;opacity:.62}.comment-honeypot{clip-path:inset(50%);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;block-size:1px;inline-size:1px;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.comment-list{margin:0;padding:0;font-size:1rem;list-style:none}.comment-list li{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-block:18px}.comment-list article>header{flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:5px 16px;display:flex}.comment-list time{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-size:.8125rem}.comment-list article>p{white-space:pre-wrap;margin:10px 0 0}.collection-page,.author-page,.policy-page{max-width:760px}.collection-header,.policy-page>header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule);margin-bottom:38px;padding-bottom:26px}.collection-header h1,.policy-page h1{color:var(--colour-deep-navy);margin-bottom:18px;font-size:clamp(2.8rem,7vw,5.4rem);line-height:.95}.collection-header>p:last-child,.policy-standfirst{color:var(--colour-soft-ink);font-family:var(--font-display);max-width:600px;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.4}.collection-results>h2,.policy-page h2{color:var(--colour-deep-navy);font-size:2rem;line-height:1.05}.collection-results .article-list article{max-width:680px}.author-page>.author-card{border-top-width:5px;margin-top:0}.author-page .collection-results{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);margin-top:48px;padding-top:22px}.policy-page>section{border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-block:26px 8px}.policy-page>section p,.policy-page>section li{max-width:680px;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.65}.contact-page a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--colour-focus-blue);outline-offset:3px}.site-footer :focus-visible{outline-color:#fff}@media (max-width:980px){.masthead{align-items:center}.lead-package,.latest-analysis-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.supporting-grid,.analysis-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.supporting-grid .article-card+.article-card,.article-card-analysis+.article-card-analysis{border-left:1px solid var(--colour-rule);border-top:0;padding-top:0;padding-left:24px}.topic-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}@media (max-width:640px){.site-container{width:calc(100% - 28px)}.utility-inner{flex-direction:column;align-items:start;padding-top:8px}.utility-inner nav{gap:0 16px;width:100%}.masthead{padding-block:22px 18px}.publication-mark{gap:9px}.publication-mark img{width:48px;height:48px}.publication-mark span{font-size:clamp(2rem,12vw,3.15rem)}.primary-navigation-inner{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.primary-navigation a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-right:8px}.homepage{padding-block:24px 48px}.front-page-heading{flex-direction:column;align-items:start;gap:4px}.article-page,.collection-page,.author-page,.policy-page{padding-block:32px 52px}.article-header h1{font-size:clamp(2.45rem,13vw,3.7rem)}.article-reading-column{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.65}.article-byline p+p{border-left:0;padding-left:0}.author-card{grid-template-columns:132px minmax(0,1fr);gap:18px}.author-portrait img{width:132px}.author-card-copy{min-width:0}.author-card-copy .section-eyebrow{margin-bottom:5px}.author-card h1,.author-card h2{font-size:2rem}.author-card-copy>p:not(.section-eyebrow,.author-role){grid-column:1/-1}.lead-package{gap:36px}.article-card-lead .article-title{font-size:clamp(2.35rem,13vw,3.6rem)}.supporting-grid,.analysis-grid,.briefing-panel{grid-template-columns:1fr}.supporting-grid .article-card+.article-card,.article-card-analysis+.article-card-analysis{border-left:0;border-top:1px solid var(--colour-rule);padding-top:24px;padding-left:0}.latest-analysis-grid{gap:40px;padding-block:40px}.section-heading{flex-direction:column;align-items:start;gap:10px}.topic-section{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px}.briefing-panel{gap:18px}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.footer-links{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));justify-content:start;display:grid}.footer-lower{display:block}.footer-lower p+p{margin-top:12px}}@media (max-width:480px){.author-card{grid-template-columns:1fr;min-width:0}.author-portrait img{width:132px}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,:before,:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important;animation-duration:.01ms!important;animation-iteration-count:1!important}}